Fragments can be corrected by identifying the missing element and including it. The sentence above is a fragment because there is no subject ( Who employs these strategies?). Key: yellow, bold= subject green, italics= predicate pink, regular font = dependent clauseĮxample of a fragment with a missing subject: Employs strategies to encourage classroom participation, including using small groups and clarifying expectations. This occurs when a necessary component of a complete sentence, such as a subject (usually a noun) or a predicate (verb or verb phrase), is missing and/or when the sentence does not express a complete idea. There are many ways to revise a run-on sentence remember that maintaining sentence variety helps to keep the writing clear and interesting for readers.Ī sentence fragment is a string of words that does not form a complete sentence. This option works to cement the relationship between the two parts of the sentence and may improve the flow of the clauses.Įxample: By indicating their preference, participants could leave the study at any time. A subordinating conjunction (such as because, unless, and although) connects two clauses to create a complex sentence. Turn one of the independent clauses into a dependent clause. Revision example: Participants could leave the study at any time, but they needed to indicate their preference. This method emphasizes the relationship between the two clauses. A comma, paired with a coordinating conjunction (such as and, but, or or), corrects a run-on sentence. Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction.Revision example: Participants could leave the study at any time they needed to indicate their preference. Using a semicolon is a stylistic choice that establishes a close relationship between the two sentences. Inserting a semicolon between independent clauses creates a grammatically correct sentence. They needed to indicate their preference. Revision example: Participants could leave the study at any time. Check to make sure that this solution does not result in short, choppy sentences. This revision works especially well with longer sentences. The easiest way to fix a run-on is to split the sentence into smaller sentences using a period. Revision: The results of the study were inconclusive therefore, more research needs to be done on the topic.Ī run-on sentence can be fixed by either separating or connecting the independent clauses correctly. See more examples of this on the semicolon page. To fix this type of comma splice, one option is to use a semicolon before the transitional expression and add a comma after it. Sentence 2: More research needs to be done on the topic.Transitional expression (conjunctive adverb): therefore.Sentence 1: The results of the study were inconclusive.Example of a comma splice: The results of the study were inconclusive, therefore more research needs to be done on the topic. Some comma splices occur when a writer attempts to use a transitional expression between two independent clauses. Sentence 2: Excess weight contributes to other health conditions, including diabetes, asthma, and cardiovascular disease. Sentence 1: The United States is facing an obesity epidemic. Example of a comma splice: The United States is facing an obesity epidemic, excess weight contributes to other health conditions, including diabetes, asthma, and cardiovascular disease. A comma splice occurs when two independent clauses are joined with just a comma. One common type of run-on sentence is a comma splice.
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